The Prevention Of Teenage Pregnancy - 2414 Words

Prevention of Teenage Pregnancy Becoming a parent can be a challenging situation even for the most prepared. However, if you are a teenager, it can be the biggest challenge of young adolescent life. Teen pregnancy can affect one physically, emotionally, as well as financially. The stress and pressure that comes with finding out your pregnant can be devastating. From finding the right words to tell your parents to finding ways to pay for the cost of having your baby and the ultimate pressure figuring out how to raise your baby while trying to balance your teenage life. A pregnant teen will have to come to terms with that their lives will never be the same. Nor will the lives of all those closely related to them such as their parents. The only hope of preventing teen pregnancy is through the education of teenagers from parents and educators. Informing the adolescent of the repercussions will help prevent teen pregnancy because there is a lack of knowledge on responsibilities and commitment of taking care of an infant . The importance of sex education as well as parent involvement in demonstrating the use of effective contraceptives such as condoms or birth control can tremendously decrease the rates of teen pregnancy. Teen pregnancy is becoming very prevalent in this country and many teens don t realize the consequences of having unprotected sex. Even though statistics show that teen pregnancy rates â€Å"have declined remarkably since 1991† (Santelli et al, 2006, p. 106). This isShow MoreRelatedThe Prevention Of Teenage Pregnancy Essay1513 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent types of contraception. This lack of access can lead to higher rates of teenage pregnancy and an increase in sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers. The sexually active teenagers who have been given better access to contraception are less likely to become pregnant or contract an STD, in comparison to their peers who do not have access. With the prevention of teenage pregnancy, comes the prevention of future socioeconomic barriers and health issues. Currently, there are over nineteenRead MoreThe Prevention of Teenage Pregnancy2032 Words   |  9 PagesApproximately every two minutes, a teenage girl in the United States gives birth (Guernsey 6). While this fact may be sad and startling to most people, it is in deed the truth. Over the past few decades, the problem of teen pregnancy has grown considerably in this country. It has been receiving a great deal of public and official attention recently, including expressions of concern from President Clinton and New Jerseys Governor Whitman (Schurmann 7). However, the most extensive dilemma regardingRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Prevention Essay805 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage Pregnancy Prevention Anne Maxa English Composition II American InterContinental University November 20, 2011 Annotated Bibliography ------------------------------------------------- Essay Outline I. Thesis Statement: Teen pregnancy can easily be prevented with better educated teens, better communication between teens and parents, and the knowledge of contraceptives II. Teens will be less likely to become pregnant with better education. A. Classes offered in schoolsRead MoreEssay on Teenage Pregnancy and Prevention1320 Words   |  6 PagesThe public sector cost in 2004 is $950 million dollars for teenage births (Hoffman, 2006). Billions of taxpayer dollars are spent every year to care and support teenage births. Although teen pregnancy has declined in the past, the United States is still number one out of all industrialized countries of teen pregnancies. Therefore, implementing an in depth sex education class covering parenting in schools will allow teens to fully understand he consequences of having protected or unprotected sex.Read MoreA Research Study On Teenage Pregnancy Prevention1009 Words   |  5 Pagestypes of support teenage mothers have received after the birth of their child. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the usefulness of support systems and to gain insight on the types of support teenage mothers received after pregnancy. In addition, this study will explore the perceptions of t eenage mothers on how support impacted their lives. According to the â€Å"Teen Pregnancy Prevention† (2016), statistics from the National Conference of State Legislatures found teen pregnancy and birth ratesRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A High Risk, The Effects, And The Prevention Of Teen Pregnancy1242 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage pregnancy is a huge problem in the United States, but the rates are not at an all-time high. The pregnancy rates of teens have actually gone down in the past few years, but it still is a big problem here in the United States. The United States has the highest rate of teenage pregnancy, Russia has the second highest. Teenage pregnancy is a social and economic problem; it is not good for our country. This essay, will discuss who is at a high risk, the effects, and the prevention of teen pregnancyRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Prevention Through Prescription Contraceptives1968 Words   |  8 Pages Teenage Pregnancy Prevention through Prescription Contraceptives Denise Houy George Washington University NURS 6205 June 6, 2016 â€Æ' Teenage Pregnancy Prevention through Prescription Contraceptives What’s the issue? Teenage and unplanned pregnancy is always a trending topic in society. The United States has made substantial progress in reducing teenage birth rates during the past several decades, but rates remain high, particularly compared with rates in other developed countries (GodfreyRead MoreThe Effectiveness of the Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Grant Program: An Evaluation610 Words   |  2 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to describe the effectiveness of the Teenage Pregnancy Prevention grant program. This work will address how the project will provide culturally-competent care and describe a detailed plan for monitoring the progress of this program. Also included is a plan that can be used to evaluate the intervention process in terms of efficiency, acceptability and effectiveness. To help frame this evaluation program, the National Center for Cultural Competence provided a checklistRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage moms that are still in high school get pregnant at a young age, and are not able to support themselves or their child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven percent received no care at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000Read MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A Social Issue1551 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy rates have been declining in the United States, but when compared to pregnancy rates in other industrial countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom they are still relatively high. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Teenage pregnancy is defined by UNICEF, as an adolescent between the ages of thirteen to nineteen becoming pregnant. (UNICEF Malaysia Communications). Teenage pregnancy is viewed as a social issue because of the way it affects a country’s economy, the mother and

Notes on Write My Research Proposal for Me in Simple Step by Step Order

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Operations Management of Subway Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operations Management of Subway. Answer: Application and implications of four Vs on Subway As a matter of specification, this segment looks after the four typical marketing components, which the personnel of Subway follow for execution of the marketing activities. These components are: Volume The presence of 44413 outlets in 109 countries reflects the voluminous operations of Subway. The production of 5300 sandwiches to the customers is an indication towards the volume of breads, lettuce and the other ingredients for the preparation of the sandwiches, salads and wraps (Subway.com, 2017). In case of Subway, the volume dimension is high. This is because the brand provides employment to 400,000 candidates. Voluminous operations of Subway are reflected from serving 2.6 billion sandwiches a year. To be exact, 16 acres of lettuce is inserted in the sandwiches. The growth in the sales revenue can be correlated with the dimension of high volume. In 2015, the sales revenue was $17 billion in comparison to 11.3billion US $. The international sales revenue was recorded as $5.8 billion. Dedication, commitment and perseverance of the employees took the sales revenue to $5.8 billion. This increased the scope and arena of business as more outlets were opened. This introduction brought t he opportunity of foreign market penetration for Subway. Variety For production of the sandwiches, salads and wraps, variety of breads, sauce and cheese are used. The breads have wide ranging size and shapes. Along with the breads, bacons are also of many types. The toppings of sauce and cheese are presented in various ways for luring the customers. High variety of breads helps the chefs to prepare different types and kinds of sandwiches for catering to the specific tastes and preferences of the customers. In salads, the chefs use various kinds of lettuce, which aligns with the needs, demands and requirements of the customers. The salad toppings are inserted according to the instructions of the customers. Choice is given to the customers regarding the salad toppings in the food items. This variation is also applicable in the cheese toppings. Here, the employees adhere to a policy, which warns the chefs regarding not to use the sliced or shredded cheese as a local topping. Instead, crumpled sized cheese can be used. Toppings are also wide-ranged- s olid and liquid. There are specifications, which all the restaurants need to follow. Variation in demand The customers of Subway are varied in their demands regarding the food orders. The children have a taste for spicy, chocolaty and creamy filling foods. The demands of the adults depend on their moods (Subway.com, 2017). Sometimes, they crave for chocolaty, crme filled items, and sometimes they want spicy items for energizing themselves. Variation is also there in the orders given by the customers. For example, customers ordering for sandwiches have tastes and preferences for gourmet bread, cheese toppings, and lettuce as salads. These orders changes according to the demands of the customers. Tackling with these wide-ranging demands of the customers is challenging for the personnel. Herein lays the appropriateness of the portion control packet, which serves the purpose of serving the customers their specified orders. In view of all these aspects, it can be said that the dimensions of variation in demand are high. Visibility Visibility relates to the transparency in the marketing operations. Not using adulterated materials in the preparation of the food items makes the fresh items visible to the customers. This aspect is mostly applicable in case of packaging processes. This is because of printing the ingredients on the packets. Visibility can also be connoted as the accessibility and contribution of the customers in the marketing operations of Subway. Social media connects the brand with the customers. The concept of customer generated content reflects the accessibility provided to the customers in terms of increasing the sales revenue of the operations. The buyers are not involved in the back office operations, which reflect a low visibility. Moreover, low visibility implies that the brand can receive quality production from the employees, who possess adequate skills, knowledge and expertise. This helps in keeping the company expenses low, which is assistance in terms of introducing lucrative and benef icial offers for the customers. Countering this, providing training to the employees regarding keeping the expenses low and utilizing the resources judiciously, proves beneficial in terms of achieving the identified and the specified objectives. Application of performance objectives to Subway The personnel of Subway envision the achievement of maximum profit margin through the increase of sales revenue. The employees, after their recruitment are exposed to certain guidelines for making effective and judicious utilization of the organizational resources (Subway.com, 2017). Here, the focus is mainly on the finance. The managers make keen observation for the orders and purchases made by the customers. Utilization of paperwork helps the personnel to make the financial calculations in an efficient and effective manner. Making use of effective management techniques like evaluation, helps the managers of Subway to regulate the operations both of the internal and the external environment. Application of strategic management has enabled Subway to achieve the identified and the specified objective, being one of the worlds most valuable brands (Subway.com, 2017). Exposure of strategic vision seems fruitful in terms of the yielding positive results in marketing. As a matter of specification, the performance objectives in case of Subway can be quality, dependability, speed, flexibility and cost. Quality The personnel need to pay extra attention to the quality of breads, lettuce, cheese and the toppings, which needs to be put in the sandwiches and the other food items. This is in terms of regulating the health conditions of the customers. Dependability The personnel are dependent on the suppliers and distributors for getting quality materials for preparing the food items. Contracts, deals and trades connect the customers with the shareholders. Adopting illegal means attaches negative connotations to this dependability. Speed The personnel are expected to deliver the orders to the customers in less time. There is a rule that keeping the customers waiting for more than 2.5 minutes can compel the staffs to lose their jobs. However, preparation time of the foods is considered. Flexibility Subway personnel need to be flexible enough for achieving large-scale customer satisfaction. For this, constructing effective and judicious plans would be a wise step in terms of coming up with something innovative for luring the customers. Cost Adopting latest and innovative technologies have upgraded the standard and quality of the food items in Subway. This, in turn, has increased the sales revenue and added maximum value to the profit margin. As per the data of 2016, Subway succeeded in increasing the sales revenue from 3.7% to 5.8 million dollars. However, there is still lot more distance to cover, especially in the financial parameter. Indulging in partnership with the trade union members would be effective in terms of setting and regulating the prices of the food items. This would enable the middle class customers to exercise their purchasing decisions in terms of catering to their specific tastes and preferences. Relation of different organizations with Subway Subway experiments with organizations like GrubHub Inc, Postmates Inc and DoorDash Inc among others. However, Subway has still not indulged in partnership with any of these organizations. Partnership with Apple Pay, Starbucks corps mobile apps has proved fruitful for Subway in terms of expanding the scope and arena of the business. The major drive behind this the ease of the customers in terms of satisfying their appetite cravings. Moreover, mobile orders have escalated the sales revenue largely (Subway.com, 2017). Positive and negative aspects of current operations of Subway Positive aspects Widespread presence of the outlets has enhanced the reputation of the brand. Most importantly, adoption of latest and modern technologies has upgraded the quality and standards of the food items. Herein lays the appropriateness of the mobile apps for helping the customers to order the food with much ease. Self-ordering kiosks have reduced the worries and tensions of the customers regarding receiving lip-smacking delicacies (Subway.com, 2017). Hazards and risk control policies reflects the conscious attitude of the personnel towards the wellbeing of the customers. Wearing gloves while preparing the food is an indication of hygiene maintenance for looking after the health issues of the customers. Negative aspects Franchise is one of the biggest challenges, which Subway is facing. This has strained the finance of the company, increasing the difficulties in terms of stabilizing the prices of the manufactured food items. Moreover, it has generated conflicts between the brands and the shareholders (Subway.com, 2017). Implication of the current management practices in Subway Evaluation and supervision of the operations helps the managers to estimate the progress. Along with this, evaluation has assisted the managers in terms of making plans regarding adopting the changes in response to the identified drawbacks. One of these changes is the adoption of social media for expanding the scope and arena of the business. Within this, mobile ordering is an immediate solution for satisfying the hunger cravings of the customers (Subway.com, 2017). Technological advancement has upgraded the standard and quality of the food items. This is an answer to the era of 2016, when Subway encountered 1.3% decline in the sales revenue. Effective utilization of the modern machines has resulted in the production of quality food items for the customers, which has pushed the sales revenue and added value to the profit margin. Along with this, hiring more employees have added to the workforce, resulting in the successful completion of the orders within the stipulated time (Subway.com, 2017). Providing variety and choice has assisted the customers in exercising their purchase decisions in terms of their needs, demands and requirements. Supervision in this case has enhanced the aspect of health and hygiene in terms of the wellbeing of the customers. Herein lays the appropriateness of the risk mitigation strategies and policies. Close monitoring of the performance exposed by the employees have helped the managers to set appropriate performance appraisals. Most importantly, training has enhanced the preconceived knowledge of the employees regarding the efficient and effective ways of serving the customers and gaining large-scale customer satisfaction (Subway.com, 2017). The intensity of the demands in Subway is very high. This is because of the various types of materials available to the personnel for the preparation of the food items. Herein lays the appropriateness of the portion control packet, which helps the personnel to regulate the topping packets. The customers are provided with the choice, which is regulated by the managers. Here also there are restrictions as to the limit till which they can place the orders. As a matter of specification, the customers could make upto 8 variable orders for the salad toppings. This type of management is an example of the micro-level management. On the other hand, adopting latest and innovative technologies for the preparation of quality, healthy and fresh food items is an example of the macro-level management (Bromiley Rau, 2016). Process map of the operations in Subway The above figure represents the process of marketing for Subway. Here, planning is a crucial component in terms of achieving positive outcomes. Prior to planning, knowing the needs of the customers helps the personnel to produce food items accordingly. Countering this, reviewing the financial condition is important in terms of introducing lucrative schemes, offers and discounts for luring the customers towards the brand (Spring et al., 2017). Advertising helps the personnel of Subway to expand the scope and arena of the business, progressing towards the foreign market penetration. Strategic vision is needed here, as it helps in systematizing the business activities for reaching to the benchmark level of performance. References Bromiley, P., Rau, D. (2016). Operations management and the resource based view: Another view.Journal of Operations Management,41, 95-106. Brown, S., Bessant, J. R., Lamming, R. (2013).Strategic operations management. Routledge. Francis, M., Fisher, R., Thomas, A., Rowlands, H. (2014). The meaning of valuein purchasing, logistics and operations management.International Journal of Production Research,52(22), 6576-6589. Hitt, M. A., Xu, K., Carnes, C. M. (2016). Resource based theory in operations management research.Journal of Operations Management,41, 77-94. Khanna, R.B., 2015.Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Pearson. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R., 2013.Operations management. Pearson. Spring, M., Hughes, A., Mason, K., McCaffrey, P. (2017). Creating the competitive edge: A new relationship between operations management and industrial policy.Journal of Operations Management,49, 6-19. Subway.com (2017), About us, Retrieved 6th November 2017 from https://order.subway.com/

Romeo and Juliet Act Three Scene One Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet: Act Three Scene One Essay In Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, act three scene one becomes a very important part of the play. This is the scene that the play has dramatic changes in, whether it is from a classical comedy to a classical tragedy. To express the desired effect on the audience, staging has its large amounts of importance to play in order to gain impact on the rest of the play.Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeares most famous tragedies, it was written in 1595. It is a play about two young people who fall in love and marry each other despite the fact that the families they come from are worst enemies from ancient times, through ancient grudges. This play is considered to be one of the greatest ever written because of the enormous change which takes place in this scene. Plays of Elizabethan England and earlier were divided into genres. Some examples of genre would be comedy, tragedy, and romance and these genres would follow certain patterns. Comedy and tragedy were completely unrelated, therefore, b y having the two plays unite would make it very popular.Today, the genre of comedy is associated with happiness and hilarity and is defined by a story or a play that deliberately causes the audience to laugh; this is a different understanding of the word comedy in Elizabethan England. In Shakespeares England, comedy was usually a story of two lovers who wished to get together but was held back by their elders, the play would then result in a way that the couple would end up married.Shakespeares tragedies were usually quite bloody and ended with the death of a main character; an example of this is in the play of Macbeth. They showed a lot of people suffering and dying, usually because of bad rulers.Romeo and Juliet was not any typical comedy or tragedy, Shakespeare showed his spectators that genres could be combined to create a diverse story. He transformed Romeo and Juliet from a comedy to a tragedy in just one individual scene, which makes this one of the most momentous plays in hi story. It may be difficult for a modern audience to understand the value of this scene in the play due to the Shakespearean language used. I am going to explore how I could make this easily suggested to a modern audience that this is a very important turning point in the play.Act three scene one, this is just after when Romeo and Juliet secretly get married. Tybalt has now become Romeos relative, but still, he doesnt know it. Romeo tries to keep calm when Tybalt demands a fight because Tybalt is Juliets Cousin.The reason why this scene is so significant to the play is because it is a major turning point for the entire play. As mentioned before, act three scene one has a combination of comedy and tragedy. Because of this, it makes it a lot more important than usual. Act 3 scene 1 takes place in a public place. As Mercutio, Benvolio, page and servants enter the scene, they already are having small, immature arguments. This pre-empts the beginning of the scene. Benvolio is the moderate person, the pacifist, the type of person who hopes for no trouble, nor will he cause it. We know this because of the first disagreement between the Montagues and the Capulets in Act 1 Scene 1. The beginning of Act 1 Scene 1 is also similar to this scene, friends are talking among themselves and the other houses come on scene, causing trouble. Right at the beginning of Act 3 Scene 1, Benvolio says:I pray thee, good Mercutio, lets retire:The day is hot, the Capulets abroad,And, if we meet, we shall not scape a brawl;For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirringThis shows that Benvolio does not want any trouble, but it also prepares us for any arguments that will happen during this scene. A tragedy will happen, and it is inevitable that something bad will happen. The love between Romeo and Juliet brings the tragedy, as we know that during this scene they are already married. The phrase these hot days that Benvolio says reflect on the heat of the day which equals with the tempers frayed which also shows a possibility of fighting. The next phrase that Benvolio says mad blood stirring is also important, as this gives us the suggestion that the heat and the conflicts combine to cause stirring emotions.As Mercutio replies, he tells Benvolio that he is being hypercritical about fighting. Because Mercutio replies Benvolio in a critical way, this prepares the audience for conflict, even between Mercutio and Benvolio, but we know that Benvolio is not like this, he will stop the trouble, whereas Mercutio will be the centre of trouble, he seems to like the sound of his own voice, so even if he dies, he will make a final speech. Benvolio replies in a calm way to Mercutio after he has accused Benvolio of being a hypercritic, he asks am I such a fellow? and it seems as if he has no opinion to what Mercutio has just said about him, he does not get provoked whereas Mercutio is trained in dialectal. Mercutio then argues his case, with the longest possible answer to Benvolio s question, but to the end, all that he says is that why are you telling me that you wont fight, but yes you will, like you have done before Benvolio answers his speech with a few words, he tells Mercutio that giving the right circumstances, he will quarrel, but he will not cause the trouble, just to quarrel.Before Tybalt enters the scene, Mercutio says By my head, here come the Capulets but Mercutio obviously does not care, and replies with By my heel, I care not. This gives us the idea that Mercutio will try and cause trouble. Tybalt then asks Mercutio or Benvolio for a word with one of them, straight away, Mercutio says:And but one word with one of us? Couple it withSomething; make it a word and a blow.With Mercutio saying the words above, it provokes the Capulets; therefore, Tybalt will say things to provoke Mercutio, such as Mercutio, thou consortst with Romeo this means that he is calling Mercutio and Romeo the vagrancy, petty criminals. Both Mercutio and Tybalt end up having an argument that grows every second, using different ways to insult one another. Again, Benvolio tries to stop the arguments, trying to remove the conflicts as he says:We talk in the public haunt of men:Either withdraws unto some private place,And reason coldly of your grievances,Or else depart; here all eyes gaze on us.Benvolios efforts fail, with Mercutio saying let the others stare let their eyes pleasure them. Romeo then enters the scene, we know that he is married to Juliet, therefore, he will not tempt to fight with Tybalt, as Tybalt, is now Romeos cousin.Romeo should have never interfered into the argument of Tybalt and Mercutio. It was like a law for fights and arguments to be one on one as if it was a wrestling match. Romeo says:Tybalt, the reason that I have to love theeDoth must excuse the appertaining rageTo such a greeting: villain am I none;Therefore farewell; I see thou knowst me not.This speech of Romeo makes him sound as if he is backing away from Tybalt and the up coming fight, the speech is ambiguous, what ever Romeo decides to say from now is quite so ambiguous. Romeo repeats what he says about loving Tybalt. When Mercutio sees that no fight will happen, he turns immediately draws his sword. This is important because the calm atmosphere changes automatically when Mercutio is certain no fight will happen, so he draws to cause one. Tybalt then draws his sword too, I am for you. The etiquette of fighting would be that Romeo would not intervene into the fight, as mentioned before; it was seen as an unwritten law of fighting.I have divided the Act 3 scene 1 into 3 parts, the beginning has been described above and I believe that this first part of the scene is important because the atmosphere changes from the calm talk between the Capulets and the Montagues, or even the minor arguments have unexpectedly transformed into a fighting scene involving weapons to slaughter. I also believe that it is an important part of the overall scene because the et iquette of fighting has been broken; meaning that this can show us that many other cultural things in the play may have a slight change.The second section of the play is all about the fight that is between Tybalt, Mercutio and Romeo. It is about Mercutios death, and the curse that will fly upon both the Capulets and the Montagues. Because Mercutio and Tybalt are fighting, Romeo tells Benvolio:Draw, Benvolio; beat down their weapons.Gentlemen, for shame, forbear this outrage!Tybalt, Mercutio, the prince expressly hathForbidden bandying in Verona streets:Hold, Tybalt! Good Mercutio!As Romeo interferes into the fight, as he steps in between them, Tybalt, under Romeos arm stabs Mercutio, and flies with his followers. Tybalt runs when he realises what he has done, he has little retribution. Yet still, Mercutio speaks whilst he is hurt, he likes the sound of his own voice. After he gets stabbed, he says:I am hurtA plague o both your houses! I am sped.Is he gone, and hath nothing?When Merc utio says this, it is as if the Montagues and the Capulets are pre-destined for something bad to happen. Benvolio is much more concerned than Romeo; he shows this by saying what, art thou hurt? Mercutios reply sounds as if the wound is not much at first, he says Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch but, when he finishes his sentence with the words marry, tis enough. We know that Mercutio is seriously injured, and with that one stabbing under Romeos arm, has done enough to kill him. He also asks his page (servant) to go and find him a surgeon; this shows us that he still wants to live, that hed rather die with pride, and not through a misfortune.Then, Romeo is being very insensitive with the words he say, courage, man; the hurt cannot be much Mercutio still keeps up with his character with all the intelligent talk that he says even when he is slowly dying. Mercutio is a very important person because he is the kinsman of the Prince, during the speech after Romeos comment, he says grave man at one point. This is a metaphorical phrase to show his decaying in life, with these words used, Shakespeare is showing that his intelligence is still with him. Within the same speech, he says a plague o both your houses again, this is repeated o the audience of the play understands and remembers that Mercutio is now wanting both the Montagues and the Capulets to fall from their top position. When Mercutio says: Why the devil came you between us? I was hut under your arm. Here Mercutio is talking to Romeo, he wonders why he interfered. This quote also shows that Mercutio did not want to die through an accident, and he hopes he wont, because he would rather loose a fight and die because of Tybalt, and only Tybalt. Romeos response was that he thought all for the best of Mercutio, but, he was not thinking at all, the traditional law of fighting was not to get in the way of two peoples fight, but Romeo did.Mercutio once more reminds us that he hopes for a plague to attack the Montagues an d the Capulets. He says they have made worms meat of me with reference to grave man his last words are imperative too. He knows that he does not have a sufficient amount of breath to tell us a plague should hit both the Montagues and the Capulets, so he cautiously and wisely says your houses. Both Benvolio and Mercutio now exeunt this part of the scene and leave Romeo to think about his actions. Romeo, to himself says:This gentleman, the princes near ally,My very friend, hath got his mortal hurtIn my behalf; my reputation staindWith Tybalts slander,Tybalt, that an hourHath been my kinsman! O sweet Juliet,Thy beauty hath made me effeminateAnd in my temper softend valours steel!Here he blames Juliet for Mercutios death; he never blames himself for nothing, he blames Juliet here, and soon, he will blame fate. After Benvolio tells us that Mercutio has died, Romeo says:This days black fate on more days doth depend;This but begins the woe, others must end.This is when Romeo finally realis es that what has happened will have very big consequences, repercussions, he is saying that the future is being destined, and it will end up in a strange way. As mentioned before, Romeo and Juliet is a play that is different to a normal Shakespearean time comedy or tragedy, the two have been combined, so we will, from this point forward will also have the idea that diverse things compared to the original will happen.As Tybalt enters the scene again, Romeo immediately says:Alive, in triumph! And Mercutio slain!Away to heaven, respective lenity,And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now!Again, Romeo is not thinking, and he again, causes trouble. Here, as both Romeo and Tybalt fight, Benvolio does not interfere, but, Tybalt has fallen to the ground, and as mentioned before, Romeo will blame anything but himself, even fate, just like in this situation, where he says o, I am fortunes fool. Benvolio then tells Romeo to run, he does not run with Romeo, as we know, he has nothing to run from.The second part of the scene is important because of the fight between Tybalt and Mercutio, where Mercutio dies, and the vengeance fight between Romeo and Tybalt, where Tybalt falls. The part before this second part of the scene shows that something bad will happen, here, something bad does happens. I believe that it is an important scene because it shows how Romeo, Tybalt and Benvolio are really like. Tybalt and Romeo are similar in personality, they both are stubborn and they will not give up on a fight once started. They both do not think before they speak, and they do not think before they act either.The final part of the play is about the authority and the citizens questioning Benvolio for the truth. Also in this scene, the prince decides upon a punishment for Romeo to suite both the Capulets and the Montagues, so no more trouble will be caused. When the prince arrives on scene, he does not take any notice of the biased persons comments. He asks the one who has witnessed, in this c ase Benvolio, Where are the ville beginners of this fray the prince does not ask who killed Tybalt, nor does he judge, but what he does do is try to understand the nature of the brawl, who, what, why, when and where. Benvolios answer to his question is all accuracy; he seems to have no emotion at all, the way his speech is written also seems dispassionate. Lady Capulet then says her point of view about the death of Tybalt. She is an emotional out pour; however this is understandable because Tybalt is her kinsman. The word she uses O is an appeal to God, to the prince to do something about the death of Tybalt.The prince then asks Benvolio who began this bloody fray? again; he is asking Benvolio for a truthful answer, and not a pack of lies. Benvolio again does what he does, he is the moderate, he is a peace keeper, and he talks truth if he is asked for it, unlike Romeo and Tybalt. In his speech, when he says how nice the quarrel was he does not mean nice, he means petty, immature, it should not have happened. Secondly, I quote with gentle breath, calm look, knees humbly bowd here, Benvolio is trying to make the situation for Romeo easier, he placates it. He does not blame Romeo, nor does he blame Tybalt, but he does ease the trouble for Romeo, this is understandable because Romeo is after all, his friend. Thirdly, Benvolio says of Tybalt deaf to peace this is saying that Tybalt would not listen to Romeos thought and Mercutio who all as hot, his anger equivalent to Tybalts, and yet still they both fought the battle with one another, causing more trouble as Mercutio died, because now, Romeo is seeking revenge on behalf of Mercutio against Tybalt. The quote who had but newly entertaind revenge tells us that Romeo is seeking for the vengeance. The very last line of this speech reads This is the truth or let Benvolio die this shows that Benvolio was so certain that he told the truth, he knows he will not die because of defamation. His statement is all accurate; the audience also knows this too.After Benvolio has told the story, we know that is true, the Capulets want Romeo dead, whereas the Montagues prefer him alive. The prince now needs to make a decision to benefit both houses because if it does not, more conflicts will be caused out of this. The prince has listened to the story of Benvolio, he has heard what both Houses want, so he needs to make a decision at that particular time. He says:Romeo slew him, he slew Mercutio;Who now the price of his dear blood doth owe?This shows that the prince is thinking effectively and he does not want the houses to have any more trouble caused. He also says one last final speech at the end of the scene before everyone exits:And for that offenceImmediately we do exile him hence:I have an interest in your hates proceeding,My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding;But Ill amerce you with so strong a fineThat you shall all repent the loss of mine:Nor tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses:Theref ore use none: let Romeo hence in haste,Else, when hes found, that hour is his last.Bear hence this body and attend our will:Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill.This speech of the prince shows us that the prince is hurt he does want Mercutio to be alive, and because he is dead, he will ask both the Montagues and the Capulets to pay a fine.Overall, this scene has much importance to the play, it has a major turning point, and this scene is where the comedy of the Shakespearean time and the tragedy combines to create an interesting and exciting combination. I have included many quotes, and have described this to support my initiative.

Introduction to French Translation and Interpretation

Introduction to French Translation and Interpretation Translation and interpretation are the ultimate jobs for people who love language. However, there are a lot of misunderstandings about these two fields, including the difference between them and what kind of skills and education they require. This article is an introduction to the fields of translation and interpretation. Both translation and interpretation (sometimes abbreviated as T I) require superior language ability in at least two languages. That may seem like a given, but in fact, there are many working translators whose language skills are not up to the task. You can usually recognize these unqualified translators by extremely low rates, and also by wild claims about being able to translate any language and subject. Translation and interpretation also require the ability to accurately express information in the target language. Word for word translation is neither accurate nor desirable, and a good translator/interpreter knows how to express the source text or speech so that it sounds natural in the target language. The best translation is one that you dont realize is a translation because it sounds just like it would if it had been written in that language to begin with. Translators and interpreters nearly always work into their native language, because its too easy for a non-native speaker to write or speak in a way that just doesnt sound quite right to native speakers. Using unqualified translators will leave you with poor-quality translations with mistakes ranging from poor grammar and awkward phrasing to nonsensical or inaccurate information. And finally, translators and interpreters need to understand the cultures of both the source and target languages, in order to be able to adapt the language to the appropriate culture. In short, the simple fact of speaking two or more languages does not necessarily make a good translator or interpreter - theres a lot more to it. It is in your best interest to find someone who is qualified and certified. A certified translator or interpreter will cost more, but if your business needs a good product, it is well worth the expense. Contact a translation/interpretation organization for a list of potential candidates. Translation vs. Interpretation For some reason, most laypeople refer to both translation and interpretation as translation. Although translation and interpretation share the common goal of taking information that is available in one language and converting it to another, they are in fact two separate processes. So what is the difference between translation and interpretation? Its very simple. Translation is written - it involves taking a written text (such as a book or an article) and translating it in writing into the target language. Interpretation is oral - it refers to listening to something spoken (a speech or phone conversation) and interpreting it orally into the target language. (Incidentally, those who facilitate communication between hearing persons and deaf/hard-of-hearing persons are also known as interpreters. So you can see that the main difference is in how the information is presented - orally in interpretation and written in translation. This might seem like a subtle distinction, but if you consider your own language skills, the odds are that your ability to read/write and listen/speak are not identical - you are probably more skilled at one pair or the other. So translators are excellent writers, while interpreters have superior oral communication skills. In addition, spoken language is quite different from writing, which adds a further dimension to the distinction. Then theres the fact that translators work alone to produce a translation, while interpreters work with two or more people/groups to provide an interpretation on the spot during negotiations, seminars, phone conversations, etc. Translation and Interpretation Terms Source languageThe language of the original message. Target languageThe language of the resulting translation or interpretation. A language  - Native languageMost people have one A language, although someone who was raised bilingual may have two A languages or an A and a B, depending on whether they are truly bilingual or just very fluent in the second language. B language  - Fluent languageFluent here means near-native ability - understanding virtually all vocabulary, structure, dialects, cultural influence, etc. A certified translator or interpreter has at least one B language unless he or she is bilingual with two A languages. C language  - Working languageTranslators and interpreters may have one or more C languages - those which they understand well enough to translate or interpret from but not to. For example, here are my language skills: A - EnglishB - FrenchC - Spanish So in theory, you can translate French to English, English to French, and Spanish to English, but not English to Spanish. In reality, you only work from French and Spanish to English. You wouldnt work into French, because you recognize that my translations into French leave something to be desired. Translators and interpreters should only work into the languages that they write/speak like a native or very close to it. Incidentally, another thing to watch out for is a translator who claims to have several target languages (in other words, to be able to work in both directions between, say, English, Japanese, and Russian). It is very rare for anyone to have more than two target languages, although having several source languages is fairly common. Types of Translation and Interpretation General translation/interpretation is just what you think - the translation or interpretation of non-specific language that does not require any specialized vocabulary or knowledge. However, the best translators and interpreters read extensively in order to be up-to-date with current events and trends so that they are able to do their work to the best of their ability, having knowledge of what they might be asked to convert. In addition, good translators and interpreters make an effort to read about whatever topic they are currently working on. If a translator is asked to translate an article on organic farming, for example, he or she would be well served to read about organic farming in both languages in order to understand the topic and the accepted terms used in each language. Specialized translation or interpretation refers to domains which require at the very least that the person be extremely well-read in the domain. Even better is training in the field (such as a college degree in the subject, or a specialized course in that type of translation or interpretation). Some common types of specialized translation and interpretation are financial translation and interpretationlegal translation and interpretationliterary translationmedical translation and interpretationscientific translation and interpretationtechnical translation and interpretation Types of Translation Machine translationAlso known as automatic translation, this is any translation that is done without human intervention, using software, hand-held translators, online translators such as Babelfish, etc. Machine translation is extremely limited in quality and usefulness. Machine-assisted translationTranslation that is done with a machine translator and a human working together. For example, to translate honey, the machine translator might give the options  le miel  and  chà ©ri  so that the person could decide which one makes sense in the context. This is considerably better than machine translation, and some argue that it is more effective than human-only translation. Screen translationTranslation of movies and television programs, including subtitling (where the translation is typed along the bottom of the screen) and dubbing (where the voices of native speakers of the target language are heard in place of the original actors). Sight translationDocument in the source language is explained orally in the target language. This task is performed by interpreters when an article in the source language is not provided with a translation (such as a memo handed out at a meeting). LocalizationAdaptation of software or other products to a different culture. Localization includes translation of documents, dialog boxes, etc., as well as linguistic and cultural changes to make the product appropriate to the target country. Types of Interpretation Consecutive interpretation  (consec)The interpreter takes notes while listening to a speech, then does his or her interpretation during pauses. This is commonly used when there are just two languages at work; for example if the American and French presidents were having a discussion. The consecutive interpreter would interpret in both directions, French to English and English to French. Unlike translation and simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation is commonly done into the interpreters A and B languages. Simultaneous interpretation  (simul)The interpreter listens to a speech and simultaneously interprets it, using headphones and a microphone. This is commonly used when there are numerous languages needed, such as in the United Nations. Each target language has an assigned channel, so Spanish speakers might turn to channel one for the Spanish interpretation, French speakers to channel two, etc. Simultaneous interpretation should only be done into ones A language.

Biography of Abraham Lincoln, 16th U.S. President

Biography of Abraham Lincoln, 16th U.S. President Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809–April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 to 1865. During his time in office, the nation fought the Civil War, which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. One of Lincolns greatest accomplishments was the abolition of slavery in 1864. Fast Facts: Abraham Lincoln Known For: U.S. president from March 4, 1861–March 3, 1865; issued  Emancipation Proclamation in 1862, freeing slaves in the southern United StatesAlso Known As: Honest AbeBorn: February 12, 1809 in Sinking Spring Farm, KentuckyDied: April 15, 1865 in Washington, D.C.Spouse: Mary Todd Lincoln (m. 1842–1865)Children: Robert, Edward, Willie, TadNotable Quote: Whenever I hear anyone arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally. Early Life Abraham Lincoln was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, on February 12, 1809. He moved to Indiana in 1816 and lived there the rest of his youth. His mother died when he was 9 but he was very close to his stepmother, who urged him to read. Lincoln himself stated that he had about one year of formal education. However, he was taught by many different individuals. He loved to read and learn from any books he could get his hands on. On November 4,  1842, Lincoln married  Mary Todd. She had grown up in relative wealth. Many historians believe that Todd was mentally unbalanced; she struggled with mental health issues throughout her life and may have suffered from bipolar disorder. The Lincolns had four children, all but one of whom died young. Edward died at age 3 in 1850. Robert Todd grew up to be a politician,  lawyer, and diplomat. William Wallace died at the age of 12. He was the presidents only child to die in the White House. Thomas Tad died at 18. Military Career In 1832, Lincoln enlisted to fight in the Black Hawk War. He was quickly elected captain of a company of volunteers. His company joined regulars under Colonel Zachary Taylor. Lincoln only served 30 days in this capacity and then signed on as a private in the Mounted Rangers. He then joined the Independent Spy Corps. He saw no real action during his short stint in the military. Political Career Lincoln worked as a clerk before joining the military. He ran for the Illinois state legislature and lost in 1832. He was appointed as postmaster of New Salem, Illinois by Andrew Jackson and later elected as a Whig to the state legislature, where he served from 1834 to 1842. Lincoln studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1836. From 1847 to 1849 he served as a U.S. Representative in Congress. He was elected to the state legislature in 1854 but resigned to run for the U.S. Senate. He gave his famous house divided speech after being nominated. Lincoln-Douglas Debates Lincoln debated his opponent for the Senate seat, Stephen Douglas, seven times in what became known as the Lincoln-Douglas Debates. While they agreed on many issues, the two disagreed over the morality of slavery. Lincoln did not believe that slavery should spread any further through the United States, while Douglas argued for popular sovereignty. Lincoln explained that while he was not asking for equality, he believed African-Americans should receive the rights granted to all Americans in the Declaration of Independence: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Lincoln lost the election to Douglas. Presidential Election In 1860, Lincoln was nominated for the presidency by the Republican Party with Hannibal Hamlin as his running mate. He ran on a platform denouncing disunion and calling for an end to slavery in the territories. The Democrats were divided, with Stephen Douglas representing the Democrats and John Breckinridge the National (Southern) Democrats nominee. John Bell ran for the Constitutional Union Party, which took away votes from Douglas. In the end, Lincoln won 40 percent of the popular vote and 180 of the 303 electoral college votes. Since he was in a four-way race, this was enough to ensure his victory. First Presidential Term The main event of Lincolns presidency was the  Civil War,  which lasted from 1861 to 1865.  Eleven states seceded from the Union, and Lincoln firmly believed in the importance of not only defeating the Confederacy but also reuniting North and South to preserve the Union. In September 1862, Lincoln issued the  Emancipation Proclamation. This declaration freed the slaves in all of the Southern states. In 1864, Lincoln promoted  Ulysses S. Grant  to commander of all Union forces. Reelection The Republicans, at this point called the National Union Party, had some concern that Lincoln wouldnt win but still renominated him for a second term with Andrew Johnson as his vice president. Their platform demanded unconditional surrender and an official end to slavery. Challenger George McClellan had been relieved as the head of the Union armies by Lincoln. His platform was that the war was a failure, and Lincoln had taken away too many civil liberties. Lincoln won reelection after the war turned in the Norths favor. In April 1865, Richmond fell and  Confederate General Robert E. Lee  surrendered at  Appomattox Courthouse. In the end, the war was the most costly  in American history and also the bloodiest, with hundreds of thousands of casualties. Slavery was forever ended with the passage of the  Thirteenth Amendment. Death On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated while attending a play at Fords Theater in Washington, D.C. Actor John Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the head before jumping onto the stage and escaping to Maryland. Lincoln died on April 15 and was buried in Springfield, Illinois. John Parrot / Stocktrek Images / Getty Images On April 26, Booth was found hiding in a barn, which was set on fire. He was then shot and killed. Eight conspirators were punished for their roles in the plot to kill the president. Legacy Lincoln is considered by many scholars to be one of the most accomplished and successful presidents in United States history. He is credited with holding the Union together and leading the North to victory in the Civil War. Furthermore, his actions led to the emancipation of African-Americans from the bonds of slavery. Sources Donald, David Herbert.  Lincoln. Niagara, 1996.Gienapp, William E.  Abraham Lincoln and Civil War America: a Biography. Oxford University Press, 2002.

It is a clue writing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

It is a clue writing - Case Study Example Harry Reid, the Senate Majority leader, files a cloture for the nomination. President Obama reacts to this by terming it as a mere political attack from the Republicans side saying they have no reasons regarding the qualifications of his nominee. A report is printed as evidence concerning the alleged spending. The report reveals that the GSA spent a sum of $822,000 for 300 people to attend a four-day press conference. All these catered by the tax- payers’ dollars. It is this condition that makes Johnson fire the two deputies and further leaving her with no option, but to submit a resignation letter. In her obstructed nomination, politicians were not willing to promote development due to political differences. In addition, her excessive spending is a replica of what most politicians do after being elected or nominated for senior offices in the country. This case implies that political differences amongst leaders can be a barrier to development of a country. Rather, politicians must learn of the best way to solve this by not hindering development. However, newly elected politicians to office must learn to work in the best way that can yield fruits to the taxpayers rather than spend their payments aimlessly. Rein , Lisa and Joe Davidson. "GSA chief resigns amid reports of excessive spending." 02 April 2012. The Washingtone Post. 25 October 2014.

Alcan Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcan Case Study - Essay Example In this era of computerization, IT is playing a key role in the management and reporting of exceptions so that pertinent issues could be highlighted and addressed before assuming alarming proportions. In the present case, Robert Ouelette the new CIO has three main concerns: (1) how to co-ordinate the IT functions across different countries and continents; (2) converting the IT governance function into a centralized one; and (3) monitoring the cost of IT, controlling wasteful expenditure and overseeing the usefulness of output produced by the IT function in the enterprise. The Accenture IT Governance Model Weill and Ross in their book ‘IT Governance’ define the term as â€Å"specifying the decision rights and accountability framework to encourage desirable behavior in the use of IT.† (Weill & Ross, 2004, 7 ). Some IT professionals and laymen at large seem to confuse the IT governance model with the way that IT is implemented and managed in an organization. We need to establish at the outset that IT governance does not give us the means to manage the IT department- rather it is the model through which the business manages its use of IT. Accenture has developed an IT governance model framework in which they classify industries based on (1) the pace of technology changes that they face and (2) their basis for competitive advantage, this being either product differentiation or cost. Accordingly they have identified four business classifications: (A) Efficient Predictable Operators (B) Information Integrators (3) Responsive Solution Providers and (4) New Capability Enablers. Which Quadrant Does Alcan Fall In & Why In the above stated framework, Accenture define an efficient predictable operator as one whose industry experiences a slow rate of change and competes on the basis of its operational efficiency. This is a common picture of the aluminum and allied industry where there is vertical integration among the top firms in order to take advantage of lower production costs based on volumes produced of various outputs, and very high production capacities are used to break-even point. Secondly, with the high costs of running electrolytic processes, there is a dire need for constant and reliable sources of cheaply available power. Alcan has managed to set up factories, refineries and mines at various places along the globe so that the cost of production is minimized or can be controlled to some extent, while supply of various outputs such as cans, sheets, ingots etc. is maintained. Now that the industry has overcome the lean period of the worldwide recession of the 1990s and the Russian oversupply shock that sent the price careening in a downward spiral, the price of aluminum per ounce has been increasing steadily and stands at $2,520 per tonne in 2007. I would put Alcan in the quadrant reserved for an Efficient Predictable Operator. Weill & Ross Model of IT Governance Weill and Ross have identified three questions that must be answered in order to achieve effective IT governance (Weill & Ross, 2004, 10). These are as follows: (1) What are the decisions that need to be made in order to ensure effective management and use of IT? (2) Who will need to make these decisions? (3) How will these decisions be made and monitored? In the course of their

Family and friends everyday lives Essay Example for Free

Family and friends everyday lives Essay Write an essay describing how new media technologies affect you, your family and friends everyday lives. The media world is constantly changing as a result of new developments in technology. Therefore the media industry is dependant upon highly sophisticated technology, which can be used to influence and inform groups of people all around the world. It has been suggested that we live in a world that is media saturated as it dominates our lives. This in effect is true as media is a central part of our lives, it can be used to deliver us news as well as a source of entertainment, and this is why media can be so influential. The internet is one of the most fast developing new media technologies, enabling users to contact people all over the world to shop, chat, play games, download music and information, send e-mails and keep up with current affairs. The Internet was developed in America in the 1960s and was introduced in the 1990s in Britain. Originally this technology was introduced as a way of bringing people all over the world closer together, enabling them to communicate with one another simultaneously, giving its name the medium of the future. It is constantly being developed to suit peoples needs, for example broadband internet offers faster connection and makes downloading easy, effortless and not so time consuming as it used to be. Many radio stations have recognised that people may wish to listen whilst surfing the Net, so have incorporated a live airplay programme on their websites so that it is possible to listen to the radio via a computer rather than the conventional radio device. Many websites also offer a service where downloading music is free, this means that many people can save large amounts of money on buying CDs and can obtain the latest music singles and albums from the comfort of their own home. Home shopping is also increasing due to Internet services allowing consumers to purchase a range of goods via the Internet using their credit/debit cards as a method of payment. The advantage of this is that the busy shopping atmosphere is avoided and time is saved, this is also the case in online banking systems where cardholders can view bank statements, credit details and communicate with their bank via email. The only problem with these systems is that credit card details are given out over the Internet and may be obtained by other companies or Internet users, meaning the risk of credit card fraud is higher. However, a select few internet based companies have introduced a card which can be used like a top-up card bought for mobile telephones, in the sense that a card is issued to the internet shopper so that they are able to go a top-up point and pay for a certain amount of money to be put on their card, which can then be used to purchase goods from the internet. Not only is this a safer option, it is also more convenient for younger customers who are not yet eligible for a credit card. Due to improved media technologies, it is now possible to access the Internet through digital television sets and mobile WAP compatible telephones. This means information, entertainment and news can be displayed without the use of a computer. Revision websites make learning a more interactive experience for students, as well as being a useful alternative to other methods of learning such as flashcards. Students can also test themselves and the website can mark their answers, giving them a score to see how effective the revision has been. Other websites such as lastminute. com allow holidays, rental cars and other goods to be bought at the last minute at a reduced rate. This means considerable savings can be made and purchasing goods or booking holidays is made simple and easy. Another convenience of the Internet is that Chat Rooms allow people to talk to various people all over the world and if desired become involved in group discussions. This can mean young people can meet and talk to people of their own age group and interests and exchange thoughts and ideas. Obviously as you cannot see the person you are communicating with, you cannot be sure that they are telling the truth about their age, gender etc which also means this may cause an increase of illegal groups operating in chat rooms, such as paedophiles who abuse the internet. This may affect many families in different ways for example, if a parent feels that their child may not be safe to talk to people on the Internet they may limit the childs use or filter the system so that they cannot access the chat rooms. If a teenager arranges to meet up with a person that they believe to be of the same age group as themselves, to discover that they are not the person they described themselves to be on the internet, they may face serious problems such as stalking. This can lead to anxiety problems and distrust for some people as well as being a major worry for all parents. Instant messaging services (MSN etc) allow users to be informed when friends or other named people on their contact list are online and lets them automatically begin a conversation without needing to log onto a chat room. Voice conversations can also be made using these facilities. Email enables Internet users to send a succession of letters around the world to various people within seconds, as they are delivered instantly. Not only does this save time and money as the service is free, but it means messages can be sent and received instantly rather than waiting days, or even weeks for a letter to be delivered by post. Many people find this an excellent way of keeping in contact with relatives and friends, particularly those who live a long distance away. The only social problem that has been recognised by researchers is that emailing has begun to discourage people from writing letters, therefore making us more computer literate but less inclined to keep up good standards of writing skills.

The Relevance of Edith Wharton’s Roman Fever to the Modern World Essay

The Relevance of Edith Wharton’s Roman Fever to the Modern World According to the World Health Organization, â€Å"of the 75 million children under five in Africa a million and a half die each year of pneumonia.† As distressing and sad as this statistic is, it points out the great danger pneumococcus still is to young people in the developing world. It’s in the developed world, but at a time before antibiotics, at a time when acute respiratory ailments posed an even greater but still preventable threat to the younger set that concerns us here and that inspires a deeper look at the full implications of respiratory disease. The WHO goes on to say that acute respiratory infection (ARI) â€Å"is one of five conditions which account for more than 70% of child mortality in Africa.† So not only is pneumonia prevalent, it is still deadly. The danger it poses to young people has life-influencing ramifications, ones with an incredible emotional content. Though more treatable now, as we’ll see later, the persistence of pneumonia f its in with the puzzle as it presents itself, since it is linkable to a much more fundamental human ailment. In Edith Wharton’s â€Å"Roman Fever† we also see ailments of a pulmonary and life-changing import. Indeed, the entire story seems shot-through with infection. Wharton writes of Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansley, both widowed, both taking their daughters to Rome on holiday as they had been. Their own intertwined histories Wharton describes at the story’s onset as â€Å"all of the movings, buyings, travels, anniversaries, illnesses† (emphasis mine) (751). Wharton then begins the tale with illness. It is only as the narrative progresses that we get a sense of how important illness is to become: Yes; being the Slade’s widow wa... ...an be treated with antibiotics, it can be treated with aversion therapy or the simple addition of marriage. Other love preventatives such as war and country music are both quite feasible and can actually be very profitable for Western nations, though they seem a little cruel, especially the latter. Wharton’s â€Å"Roman Fever† at the very least points the way; it is a warning that love and pneumonia are inextricably linked, an idea that we’d do well to pay more attention to today when the ease of a high technology lifestyle fosters an arrogance that all the world’s problems have been solved. Works Cited Wharton, Edith. â€Å"Roman Fever.† Edith Wharton: Collected Stories 1911-1937. New York: Literary Classics 2001. 749-62. World Health Organization. â€Å"Childhood Diseases in Africa† Fact Sheet N 109. March 1996. 14.3.2003 http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact109.html

A Report On Virtual Induction Website Education Essay

In my brooding study I intend to discourse what I have learnt during and as a consequence of the completion of the web site undertaking. Furthermore, due to the demand for proper initiation supported virtually, I intend to look into and analyze extra and alternate ways of supplying synergistic initiation every bit good as better my cognition in undertaking direction. During the analysis phase of the undertaking, I brainstormed many thoughts for the web site. I came up with most of the undertaking thoughts, but my squad helped me with a few of them. I had a spot of problem coming up with these thoughts because I am non a really originative individual, and it took me yearss to brainstorm all of the thoughts. I think that was the lone barrier that I faced throughout the undertaking. I besides made a batch of determinations during the planning subdivision of my undertaking. I decided with the group the basic layout of the web site. I suggested it being as simple and accessible as possible – because doing a web site which is disorganized does n't do a difference – what matters is the web site to be enlightening and easy accessible. It might do the web site to look simple on outside but it will be enlightening from interior. The undertaking was come oning swimmingly. I took the necessary stairss to do certain that the undertaking progresses steadily as my group had the basic thought of what we want the web site to look like. I was cognizant that the thing that will devour most of the clip in planing the web site will be to set information on different pages of the web site. Although, this I think was the lone barrier while be aftering & A ; making the basic templet of the web site. Other than that, the basic planning and making of the website templet did non hold any barriers. But now as my squad had the thought of â€Å" what † in the web site, I felt more confident that we will be able to make good all throughout the undertaking. Equally far as the undertaking was come oning, I feel that I have been really effectual in coming up with these interesting thoughts that helped my squad and I believe that all the stairss I took were utile and necessary in the procedure. If I were to make the analysis of my undertaking once more, I ‘d come up with different undertaking thoughts that were more interesting to me. I would besides reach different stakeholders involved in the undertaking, so that I have more options. As a squad leader every bit good as the member of the undertaking squad, I suggested what will travel on each of the pages. I wanted the web site to be every bit simple as possible, while still retaining its professional expression. I suggested utilizing checks on each page to make â€Å" sub-pages † . This eliminates excess, unnecessary pages. For illustration – On the â€Å" Home † page, I will merely hold the most of import information published. This will assist to do the pupils aware about the university, information about ways to reach university and Induction checklist which specifically will be utile for pupils to do certain that things are done as per the demands in conformity with the regulations & A ; ordinances of the University. On the same page will be checks for different links to University web site which will once more be utile to direct the pupils suitably to the needed information. I personally believe that these pages will execute the undertaking of being merely informational. They wo n't hold any attractive characteristics, but I think these can be developed subsequently. At present, I was merely concentrating on doing the website functional plenty so that those who will utilize it must be satisfied. Bing the squad leader of the undertaking has provided me a great chance to develop the accomplishments and experience to larn about undertaking direction. Overall from the undertaking, I have learned to compose undertaking studies, to believe critically, to job resolution, to work in a squad, and besides better my interpersonal accomplishments, communicating accomplishments, particularly working in a squad and organizing within the squad throughout the undertaking. I have besides learned to utilize different package ‘s and plans that were required for the bulk of the work, these includes ; Dreamweaver, Photoshop, UML etc. This will greatly profit my productiveness in the coming faculties. What this brings to my theoretical cognition is that, I have gained existent experience. I ‘ve gained the apprehension of pull offing undertakings.Kolb ‘s Learning Cycle:I have tried to reflect my learning experience during the undertaking with Kolb ‘s learning rhythm:Explori ng:I have been receptive towards larning throughout the undertaking. My engagement in treatments helped me in understanding my inventive ability. Working with my squad members provided me a good apprehension of people & A ; I have been able to recognize jobs with my thoughts and an effectual solution of brainstorming my thoughts.AnalyzingDuring the undertaking there were state of affairss wherein I had to analyze jobs and supply solutions. Some jobs I faced during the undertaking were linked with the working manners of squad members. I had to do certain that each member had a clear thought of what were we traveling to present. I have observed that making an environment wherein collaborative working that guides you towards the purpose is a difficult undertaking to pull off but with aid of cognition that I gained from the alteration direction faculty, I was able to pull off the alteration within the squad.Decision devisingDecision devising has been a major portion of the undertaking w ork. during different subdivisions of the undertaking, I tried to follow consensus attack to be effectual but I dealt with troubles as every member of the group should hold with the determination. This attack of determination doing involved a great trade of clip, nevertheless the in agreement determination helped me to acquire the best possible determination as all the squad members worked together and supported it.ActingAI have been able to take to take the squad which helped me in bettering my competence as a squad leader. I kept puting the ends & A ; deadlines during the undertaking. I have been able to place and implement the stairss necessary to accomplish them. Working closely with Rupert & A ; Dave helped me in interpreting the set ends into practical vision. Shown below are some accomplishments that I gained during my undertaking in the pre-requisite format:TypeCodeCompetenceEvidencePersonal/Social C1Adopt the standard patterns of an school in footings of, hours of work, promptness, and school policies and processs ( including wellness, safety and security criterions ) . Proof-Conduct I have been punctual throughout the undertaking for treatments, meetings etc. Technical F1. Understand a specification ( informal, structured or formal ) . Understand the specification I have reviewed the squad ‘s specification for the web site.AAAAPersonal/Social D3 Demonstrate self-motivation and enthusiasm. Demonstrate I have been passing excess hours on planing the new system. Technical G3. Take duty, and expose some leading qualities, within a group or squad. Self development I have been able to take to take the squad which helped me in bettering my competence as a squad leader. Technical D1. Interview users to set up demands. Analytic Skills During the undertaking, I had treatments with different stakeholders ( Admissions office, International office, Accommodation office etc ) which helped me in analyzing the demands. Technical F6. Become proficient in a scheduling language/environment. Software I had a spot of experience working with HTML but during the undertaking I learned how to utilize Dreamweaver along with HTML while coding the web site. Personal/Social A F1. Think and move efficaciously and independently. General construct Contributed different thoughts Personal/Social I4. Develop a self-critical consciousness of ain accomplishments and advancement. Analytic Skills I have learnt to believe more critically in the undertaking. I did a batch of work and solved a batch of jobs. I learn to believe a caput, program and be prepared. The chief illustrations of critical thought applied include ; mentoring my squad, to research university websites, to form all stuffs for the group and a whole batch of other minor undertakings. Personal/Social G5. Offer aid and counsel to equals when appropriate. Coaching and mentoring Coaching equals through descriptions and account developed my accomplishments. Mentoring support to co-workers. Personal/SocialAJ3. Develop new accomplishments rapidly.ASelf developmentAHelped me to recognize personal development demands and take personal duty for uninterrupted acquisitionAPersonal/Social E2. Display tact, discretion or assertiveness to animate regard and assurance in a co-worker, a user or a team member. Communication accomplishments Ability to pass on efficaciously between squad members. Ability to efficaciously inquiry stakeholders. Ability to compose studies Technical P2. Ensure that appropriate, current package is available, loaded and working. A Analysis After uploading the web site, I checked all the links, pages separately to do certain that the web site is working decently.ATechnicalAH5. Undertake more than one undertaking or play more than one function at the same clip.APlaning and forming Ability to efficaciously be after and organize work load to run into deadlines Technical Q2. Design questionnaire/survey. Documentation I designed questionnaires for study every bit good as for initiation checklist. Personal/Social I2. Make appropriate determinations with confidence and accept duty for them. Self ordinance I have been clear in thought and stayed focused under force per unit area. Personal/Social G1. Demonstrate and keep co-operative and helpful relationships with all employees. Interpersonal The experience has exposed me to people with different background. I had one of the most hearty experiences with them. I ‘d ne'er thought I will run into some truly nice people and made a good figure of friends. Personal/Social G1. Demonstrate and keep co-operative and helpful relationships with all employees. Team working Skills I have been collaborative with others towards common ends and range understandings. For Example, I have shown equity and consideration to my squad members by taking duty ; demoing constructive support, etc Personal/Social F3. Contribute originative thoughts and proposals to better undertaking direction and the success of a undertaking. Creative Thinking The undertaking besides improved my originative thought by linking my ain and others ‘ thoughts and experiences together in imaginative ways to bring forth more thoughts, explore possibilities and inquire inquiries to widen my thought. Technical D1. Interview users to set up demands. Analyzing different facets During the undertaking, i tried to inquire inquiries that helped me to place some spreads in the bing procedures. For Example – with Joanne Ryan from the international office, I presented my thought to her in acknowledging some spreads and besides gave my personal suggestion. Technical G1. Develop and keep a undertaking program. Time Management With my undertaking, I now set my work deadline and me and the people in my group portion the work and fit clip. For illustration 1 piece of work should take 10 proceedingss but so a different piece of work can take 20 proceedingss, so if we work it out, it wo n't take as long because we portion the work at set times to acquire it done, that manner we do n't bury to make things. Personal/Social D3. Demonstrate self-motivation and enthusiasm. Assurance Before I did non used to hold full assurance of pull offing a squad, but now I have gained more assurance by taking the group. Personal/Social A5.Deal with jobs of appropriate proficient complexness. Cognition I have learned how to utilize pictures, images & A ; podcasts in the web site Personal/Social J4.React to an unannounced state of affairs with regard to team land regulations. Adaptation Made attempts for jobs to decide. Planned and carried out research to research issues, events or jobs from different positions. Personal/ Social D2. Search through bing records etc. to understand bing systems. Analytic Skills I analysed and evaluated information, judging its relevancy and value. Overall during the undertaking, my advancement was smooth in general, with some unsmooth parts. Most of the clip, I knew what I was making, and I was following my Plan of Action. The lone times my advancement became rough was when I changed parts of the website halfway through the create phase, because I decided that they were non good plenty. One major barrier that I dealt with throughout the class of my undertaking was the fact that I limited myself to the chief page where in I tried to supply pupils a gateway to services offered by the University. This was a barrier because I had to make up one's mind how to pull off and form all the different pieces of information I needed to set on the other pages. It took me a piece to calculate out what to set where, but finally, utilizing checks fixed the job. In the terminal, after so much difficult work, I along with my squad successfully developed a practical initiation theoretical account. The web site is complete and we tested it several times separately every bit good as together. I believe that the concluding merchandise largely matches the original end. Our end was to make a web site that should be both attractive and utile to the University and prospective pupils. Although I do n't yet cognize how utile my web site is for prospective but I believe that it will be utile to pupils in happening out about upcoming events, find appropriate links, look at pictures, podcasts, exposures, and many other things. In footings of the aesthetic qualities of the web site, I think that it looks truly good because the colour strategy that we choose is similar to the University web site which is really attractive to anyone who looks at the web site. In footings of practical qualities of my web site, I believe that I achieved precisely what I have been endeavoring for: edification without complication. Now, anyone who views the web site can happen information really easy, because they merely have to take from chief buttons. Although there is a batch of information on the web site, I think that it has been placed in an easy-to-use format. My efficiency during the undertaking likely left something to be desired. I believe that although I was on agenda most of the clip, I could hold decidedly been more efficient. One manner I could hold done this is to hold really mapped out which yearss I would work on which constituents, alternatively of merely delegating due day of the months. Most of the clip, I finished each constituent on the due day of the month, when I could hold finished earlier. In footings of engagement, I worked on different constituents of the web site. I besides modified parts of it when needed. I can likely state that I â€Å" actively † created the undertaking with my squad. I believe that the undertaking meets the original purpose, and it is a success.

Inclusion of Special Needs Children in Regular Classrooms Essay

Bobby, a young boy, is diagnosed with autism at age 3. At age 5 his parents attempt to place him into the kindergarten class in their school district. The school district wanted to immediately put Bobby into a special education classroom that is made up of entirely special needs children of all different disorders. Knowing that Bobby was prone to tantrums and uneasy with things unfamiliar to him, his parents wanted Bobby placed into a regular classroom with normally functioning students but with extra help from perhaps an extra aide or teacher. The school district decided to accommodate Bobby’s parents’ wishes and placed Bobby into a regular kindergarten classroom with a one-on-one aide who would also assist a few other children in the class when needed. This type of classroom is an inclusion classroom, meaning normally developing students are placed in the same class as special needs children so they can all learn from each other. It is not always easy for special need s children to adjust to an inclusion classroom at first, but they then usually become a successful environment. In the beginning of the school year Bobby had frequent outbursts when told to move from one activity onto another. These outbursts disturbed the classroom and Bobby’s classmates. Sometimes Bobby would scream and cry â€Å"NO!† when forced to relinquish a toy or supply to another student to teach him to share. Other times he wouldcry because he did not understand that every turn could not be his turn during games. Transition times were always a problem, because Bobby did not comprehend the concept of finishing one activity and moving onto the next. He just did not understand that the previous activity would still be there to do at another time or place. However, after a period of time and observing the â€Å"normal† students in his classroom, Bobby began to have fewer and shorter outbursts and began to understand simple concepts like finishing coloring and moving onto learning his alphabet. Many parents argue that having special needs children in the classroom with their normal children will hinder everyone’s learning and cause disruptions and distractions. However, inclusion classrooms help to teach sensitivity to normal students and proper interaction with society to special needs students. Inclusion in the scholastic environment benefits both the disabled student and the non-disabled student in obtaining better life skills. By  including all students as much as possible in general or regular education classes all students can learn to work cooperatively, work with different kinds of people, and how to help people in tasks. â€Å"As J.W. Whitworth, the Department of Education Chair of Texas, notes, ‘†¦the goal of inclusion in schools is to create a world, in which all people are knowledgeable about and supportive of all other people,'† (3). Every child in a public school system is required to receive a Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) (Public Law 102-119). For higher-functioning children with special needs FAPE means being included in a regular classroom. Despite many arguments that special needs children are a hindrance to education in inclusion classrooms, the benefits of inclusive teaching outweigh the negative aspects. Any specialneeds child who is capable of functioning with some assistance in a mainstream classroom should be afforded that opportunity. No high functioning special needs student should be forced to remain in a classroom full of students that are lower functioning than them, therefore slowing down their education. Of the many benefits aspects for children placed in inclusion classrooms, there is none more important than the academic benefits. According to the Journal of Early Intervention, in a study of parents and teachers of inclusion classroom students, children with developmental disabilities placed in inclusion classrooms make great improvements in language, cognitive and motor development that are above their peers in special education classrooms (52). One way that students benefit is by learning skills of independence. Special needs students learn to depend on themselves first and then ask for help when they really need it. In the inclusive setting there won’t be as much of an opportunity for teachers or aids to assist all of the students. In a study conducted by Johns Hopkins University (Success For All) it was determined that in an inclusion setting â€Å"assessments showed improved reading performance for all students, the most dramatic improvements occurred among the lowest achievers.† (Stout, 2001). By placing the special needs students in with the general education students, all students are provided with better resources in the classroom. Aside from providing children with academic benefits, inclusion also provides children with a better understanding and respect for diversity. Being in a setting with many different types of students with different needs and abilities provides students with a way to learn about differences and how they can help others. In the â€Å"Success For All†study, results showed that the children involved had â€Å"a reduced fear of human differences accompanied by increased comfort and awareness† (Stout, 2001). If children are separated in the school because of their developmental differences then they will never truly learn that it is acceptable to be a unique individual. According to the Early Childhood Research Quarterly â€Å"typically developing children from inclusive classrooms [give] significantly higher acceptance ratings to hypothetical peers with disabilities than children from setting that do not include children with disabilities† (Hestenes, Carroll, 231). The idea that it is acceptable to be different should become common knowledge to all students. With that knowledge, students can make the future a better place for everyone. One tangible problem that could be avoided in the future if children are given exposure to disabled children are that people will not be turned down for jobs by non-accepting employers who do not understand the capabilities of some disabled workers. Another major benefit that students can gain from being in an inclusion classroom is a heightened self-concept. Larry Daniel and Debra King, writers for the Journal of Educational Outreach believe that â€Å"it is generally agreed that children who have learning problems and/or those who are behaviorally impaired often develop a poor self-concept† (Volume 91, Issue 2, 67).One way that students can gain a better self-concept is by learning that all students have strengths and weaknesses in the classroom and that needing help is acceptable. Special needs students will see general education students asking the teachers and the aids for help and they will realize that everyone needs help at some point (Daniel, King, 68). If a child who is viewed as â€Å"smart† asks a teacher how toread a certain passage, a learning disabled child will feel more comfortable with also asking for help with reading. Sometimes when a teacher starts children off with activities where they can no t fail, it can build a better self-concept (Daniel, King, 68). For example, a teacher could start off a lesson with a creative activity  such as drawing what one feels a story is about. Children cannot fail at this activity because it is all based upon their personal feelings. When a child feels good about an activity at which they succeeded, it builds the foundation for the belief that they can succeed at anything if they try. One way to build a child’s self-concept that is easy and helpful to the teacher is by assigning small tasks around the room. Some such tasks could be watering plants, passing out paper, or running small errands. Assigning special tasks makes them feel important and enhances self-esteem. (Daniel, King, 68) The way that a teacher talks to a child may either strengthen or weaken a child’s self-esteem. When a teacher uses many negative words and speaks loudly to a child in front of classmates that child may feel as if everyone will then make fun of him or her. This in turn makes the child feel poorly and lowers confidence. Wording phrases in a positive way can help to get the message across to the student effectively and mannerly (Daniel, King, 69). The child’s enhanced self respect can lead to many new friendships. Also, a refined self-concept develops feelings of empowerment in children. This new feeling can keep up self-confidence and allow the children to be less afraid to try new things. Through the many studies, laws, and the support of the government, inclusion has had a very beneficial effect on society as a whole. Students are learning at a younger age to accept people for who they are while learning reading and writing. They are learningthat everyone is different but everyone is still â€Å"special† and should be accepted for being themselves. As they grow older inclusion stays beneficial by creating better self-esteem in the students. Ultimately, inclusion is benefiting society more and more every day, creating better and more educated people around the world. Works Cited Whitworth, J. W. â€Å"A Model for Inclusive Teacher Preparation.† Electronic Journal for Inclusive Education 1 (1999). Retrieved April 18. 2007, from http://www.ed.wright.edu:16080/~prenick/JournalArchives/Winter-1999/whitworth.html. Peck, C .A., Carlson, P., and Helmstetter, E. â€Å"Parent and Teacher Perceptions of Outcomes for Typically Developing Children Enrolled in Integrated Early Childhood Programs: A Statewide Survey.† Journal of Early Intervention (1992): 53-63. Stout, Katie. â€Å"Special Education Inclusion.† Educational Issues Series: Wisconsin Education Association (2007). 18 Apr. 2007 . Hestenes, L. L. & Carroll, D. E. (2000) The play interactions of young children with and without disabilities: individual and environmental influences, Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 15,229-246. Daniels, Larry G., and Debra A. King. Journal of Educational Outreach 91 (1997): 67-81. 18 Apr. 2007.